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The 3 R’s – What they are & how to use them

May 14th, 2025
Emily Lorry, MHC, MPC

The 3 R’s – Recognize, Reset, Respond – represent a mental skill that supports an individual’s ability to refocus their attention after it has drifted away from task-relevant stimuli. In other words, it is a cognitive mechanism that boosts one’s capacity to intentionally aim their focus to present moment demands. Having the skill to zone-out task-irrelevant stimuli (otherwise known as distractions), and zone-in on task-relevant stimuli, increases the likelihood of experiencing optimal performance. When an individual is immersed in the present moment, they are more aware of their surroundings along with their responsibilities and can more effectively respond to the environment.

For example:

  • A basketball player who is focused on the game can identify where their mark is located on the court, where the ball is, and how they can best position themselves for the next play

How does one develop the ability to direct their attention to the current moment? The 3 R’s – Recognize, Reset, Respond – is one tactic you can use to bring yourself into the present which involves three distinct steps. Step one, recognize that your mind has drifted away from the present. Be patient with yourself, the ability to recognize when you have lost focus takes time. The more aware you are of your thoughts, the quicker you will begin to notice when your thoughts are moving away from task-relevant stimuli.

 Once you have recognized that your mind has drifted, step two is to reset your mind. This action can take many forms. The reset could come in the form of an intentional breath (ex. Inhaling through the nose and exhaling audibly out through the mouth). Alternatively, a reset could be a word, or a phrase (e.g., “reset” or “lock back in”). The reset can be whatever you want it to be! Identify your unique reset cue and commit to using it regularly. Step three is to take action and respond in a way that brings you back into the present moment. For instance, if a basketball player realizes that their mind has drifted off, they reset through the phrase “lock in!” and respond to the current moment by pinpointing where the ball is on the court and moving into a better position to receive it from their teammate. The response must be actionable! 

The 3 R’s represent a simple technique that people can use in their athletic worlds or day-to-day lives. It is important to remember that this skill takes time, effort, and energy to master. You might find yourself noticing that your mind has drifted, resetting through a cue, and then losing your focus again. Additionally, it might take a little while to simply recognize that your mind has drifted away from the present moment. Both are normal! The more consistently you practice the 3 R’s, the quicker you will be able to recognize that your mind has drifted and the better you will become at resetting your focus and responding to the task at hand. Be patient with the process, be kind to yourself, and be courageous to keep trying!


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